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Guide to Guitar Pickups

Guitar Pickup : What is it?

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Guitar pickups are devices used for trapping guitar string vibrations and transforming them into electronic signals for recording and amplification. They are typically used with electric and acoustic-electric rhythm and bass guitars. They come in passive types such as magnetic and multi-transducer pickups, and active types including piezoelectric and optical pickups. 

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Types Of Guitar Pickups

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Kinds of Guitar Pickups include the following:

Magnetic Guitar Pickups

  • Magnetic Guitar Pickups are made of permanent magnets enclosed in thin copper wire coils.
  • They can be mounted on the guitar’s body, or connected to the pickguard or the neck especially when used in archtop acoustic-electric jazz guitars.
  • The voltages coming from the magnetic string vibrations are coursed to the recording or amplification devices through radio transmission or cables.
  • Some models have built in amplifiers between the cable and the pickup.
  • They produce outputs between 100 mV rms and 1 V rms.
  • High-output models use strong magnets to create more flux, while other models increase wire turns to heighten the voltage produced. However, increasing wire turns can lead to output impedance and resistance that can alter high frequencies.

Piezoelectric Guitar Pickups

  • Piezoelectric Guitar Pickups are alternatives to Magnetic Guitar Pickups.
  • They provide a unique sound and produce great output impedance.
  • They hardly gather unnecessary magnetic fields such as feedback and hums.
  • They look like a series capacitance when built with a voltage source.
  • They are fitted with buffer amplifiers to prevent the loss of full frequency responses.
  • They are commonly found below the guitar bridge or made as part of the bridge.
  • They provide vast frequency range outputs and high signal amplitudes from guitar strings.

Multi-transducer Guitar Pickups

  • Multi-transducer Guitar Pickups consist of different outputs each dedicated to a single guitar string.
  • They are also called divided, polyphonic, and hexaphonic guitar pickups.
  • They allow independent amplification and processing of each guitar string.
  • The pitches produced by individual strings are detected by a converter, which produces the note depending on MIDI protocols.
  • They can be built in the synthesizer or the guitar.
  • They are not very common compared to the magnetic and Piezoelectric Guitar Pickups.

Optical Guitar Pickups

  • Optical Guitar Pickups operate using LED light sources that emit light beams regularly interrupted by the guitar strings.
  • They use phototransistor or photodiode detectors.
  • They are immune to electric and magnetic interference.
  • They provide flat and vast frequency responses.

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Choosing Guitar Pickups (Buying Tips)

Semi-linear pre-amplifiers: To prevent louder clippings and make them less noticeable, consider using a semi-linear preamp with your piezoelectric guitar pickup.

Sound availability: If you want a vast range of sounds for your guitar performance, choose a piezoelectric guitar pickup over a magnetic one.

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Sources

Wikipedia
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